Cavalier King Charles Spaniel: Complete Breed Guide
The Cavalier is the ultimate companion dog — gentle, affectionate, and adaptable. They thrive on human connection and are happiest when they're with their people.
History
Named after King Charles II of England, who was so devoted to his spaniels that he was accused of neglecting affairs of state. The modern Cavalier was intentionally bred to recreate the flat-faced spaniels seen in 17th-century paintings.
Temperament
Cavaliers are sweet, gentle, and eager to please. They get along with virtually everyone — children, other dogs, cats, and strangers. They have a moderate energy level: happy to join you on a walk or curl up on the couch.
They suffer from separation anxiety more than most breeds. They should not be left alone for extended periods.
Exercise Needs
30-45 minutes daily. They're adaptable — matching their owner's activity level. Some are sporty; others are lap dogs. All enjoy a good walk and play session.
Health
This is the breed's most serious consideration. Cavaliers have significant inherited health issues:
- Mitral Valve Disease (MVD): Heart condition affecting virtually all Cavaliers by age 10, many by age 5. The breed's #1 health and life-limiting concern.
- Syringomyelia (SM): Skull too small for the brain, causing fluid-filled cavities in the spinal cord. Symptoms: scratching at air near the neck, pain, sensitivity.
- Patellar Luxation: Kneecap dislocation
- Eye Conditions: Cataracts, retinal disorders
- Ear Infections: Long, heavy ears trap moisture
Finding a Healthy Cavalier
Insist on breeders who:
- Heart test both parents annually (MVD protocol)
- MRI scan for Syringomyelia
- Provide health clearances for eyes and patellas
- Don't breed before age 2.5 (MVD protocol)
Grooming
Silky medium-length coat needs brushing 2-3 times weekly. Regular ear cleaning is essential.
Living With a Cavalier
Perfect for: Families, elderly owners, apartments, therapy work, first-time owners Not ideal for: Owners who are away most of the day, those unwilling to manage potential health costs