Cancer in pets
Uncontrolled cell growth. Common in older pets but increasingly treatable. Early detection meaningfully improves outcome for most types.
Cancer is one of the leading causes of death in pets over 10. It is not one disease — there are dozens of types with very different behaviour, treatability, and prognosis. Lymphoma, mast cell tumour, hemangiosarcoma, osteosarcoma, soft tissue sarcoma, mammary tumours, oral tumours, and bladder cancer are among the most common.
Treatment options have expanded substantially. Surgery remains the cornerstone for many tumours. Chemotherapy in pets is gentler than in humans — most pets feel reasonably well through treatment, with milder side effects than people expect. Radiation therapy is increasingly available. Immunotherapy and targeted drugs are becoming options.
Early detection matters: any new lump should be examined and aspirated (a needle sample) rather than "watch and wait" — many cancers look benign externally. Annual wellness exams, monthly home palpation, and immediate vet visits for non-healing wounds or unexplained weight loss all catch problems earlier.
Quality-of-life is a real consideration. Aggressive treatment is one path; palliative care is another; choosing not to treat is also a legitimate option for some owners and some pets. A good vet will discuss all three frankly.