NSAIDs reduce pain, inflammation, and fever. In pets they are the mainstay of arthritis management and post-surgical pain control. Common veterinary NSAIDs in dogs include meloxicam, carprofen, firocoxib, robenacoxib, deracoxib, and grapiprant. In cats, meloxicam (limited use) and robenacoxib are available.

Critical safety points: - **Never give human NSAIDs** — ibuprofen, naproxen, aspirin, diclofenac. They cause severe ulcers, kidney damage, and death in dogs and cats at relatively low doses. - **Never combine** an NSAID with steroids — high ulcer risk. - Monitor kidney and liver function with baseline and periodic blood tests, especially in senior pets. - Watch for vomiting, diarrhoea, decreased appetite, or dark stool — stop the medication and call the vet.

When used appropriately, NSAIDs transform quality of life for arthritic pets. The decision is usually whether to use them, not which one — modern veterinary NSAIDs have much better safety profiles than NSAIDs from a generation ago.